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Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2002) - Niue (2001)

Compare British Indian Ocean Territory (2002) z Niue (2001)

 British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)Niue (2001)
 British Indian Ocean TerritoryNiue
Administrative divisions - none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages each with its own village council whose members are elected and serve three-year terms
Age structure - 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%
Agriculture - products - coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle
Airports 1 (2001) 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)		 total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 60 sq km


land: 60 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago		 total:
260 sq km

land:
260 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order which had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia. Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to 2,100 in 2000) with substantial emigration to New Zealand.
Birth rate - NA births/1,000 population
Budget - revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital - Alofi
Climate tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
Coastline 698 km 64 km
Constitution - 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Country name conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory


conventional short form: none


abbreviation: BIOT		 conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Niue

former:
Savage Island
Currency - New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate - NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; repatriation is complicated by the US military lease of Diego Garcia, the largest island in the chain none
Economic aid - recipient - $8.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh 2.8 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military 3 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Environment - current issues NA increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups - Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)
Exchange rates - New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.2502 (January 2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998), 1.5082 (1997), 1.4543 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Commissioner Alan HUCKLE (since 2001); Administrator Louise SAVILL (since NA); note - both reside in the UK


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch		 chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)

head of government:
Premier Sani LAKATANI (since 1 April 1999)

cabinet:
Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 19 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
Sani LAKATANI elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA%
Exports - $117,500 (f.o.b., 1989)
Exports - commodities - canned coconut cream, copra, honey, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts
Exports - partners - NZ 89%, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross
GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.5 million (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,800 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 6 00 S, 71 30 E 19 02 S, 169 52 W
Geography - note archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility one of world's largest coral islands
Highways total: NA km


paved: short stretch of paved road of NA km between port and airfield on Diego Garcia


unpaved: NA km		 total:
234 km

paved:
86 km

unpaved:
148 km (106 km of which is access and plantation road) (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $4.1 million (c.i.f., 1989)
Imports - commodities - food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs
Imports - partners - NZ 59%, Fiji 20%, Japan 13%, Samoa, Australia, US
Independence - on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, handicrafts, food processing
Infant mortality rate - NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1% (1995)
International organization participation - ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Labor force - 450 (1992 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: NEGL


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)		 arable land:
19%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
4%

forests and woodland:
19%

other:
50% (1993 est.)
Languages - Polynesian closely related to Tongan and Samoan, English
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply English common law
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)

elections:
last held 19 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
NA years

male:
NA years

female:
NA years
Literacy - definition:
NA

total population:
95%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga
Map references Political Map of the World Oceania
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 3 NM		 exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016 defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches - Police Force
National holiday - Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality - noun:
Niuean(s)

adjective:
Niuean
Natural hazards NA typhoons
Natural resources coconuts, fish, sugarcane fish, arable land
Net migration rate - NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders - Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Sani LAKATANI]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles around the time of the construction of UK-US military facilities; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2002 est.)		 2,124 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.5% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Diego Garcia none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios NA 1,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available


domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet


international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)		 general assessment:
primitive system

domestic:
single-line telephone system connects all villages on island

international:
NA
Telephones - main lines in use NA 376 (1991)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (1991)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 1 (1997)
Terrain flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation) steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Total fertility rate - NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate - NA%
Waterways none none
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